PART 2: INPUTS FOR PEST, DISEASE, AND WEED MANAGEMENT — A = Allowed; R = Restricted (requires PGS approval prior to use).
Inputs for pest, disease, and weed management
Conditions for using traps and pest management materials
| Inputs | A/R | Description and conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Insect traps | A | There are many different types of traps: sticky traps (with attractants or glue/grease), light traps. |
| Sulfur | A | Used to control mold and fungi, but must be used with caution; leaves may be scorched if applied during excessively hot weather. |
| Copper | R | Controls fungi and bacteria. Use with caution, avoiding over-spraying. Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate, quicklime, and water) at a 40:40:4 ratio may be used and applied immediately. May cause leaf scorch. |
| Vi sinh | A | May be used, except for genetically modified (GMO) products. |
| Baking soda (Sodium bicarbonate) | R | Controls fungi, especially downy mildew. Ratio of 5–10 grams per 1 liter of water. |
| Beneficial insects | A | May be introduced for biological control. |
| Mineral oil | R | Controls insects, typically used with water at a 1% ratio. |
| BT microbial pesticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) | R | Except for varieties derived from genetic modification (GMO). |
| Repellent plants | A | Lemongrass, citronella, etc. |
| Hoa cúc | R | Natural pyrethrum from chrysanthemum flowers can be used to control insects, but it also affects predatory organisms, especially on citrus trees. |
| Attractants (Pheromones) | A | Used to attract insects, usually placed in traps. |
| Tobacco | R | Tobacco tea is permitted for controlling insects and soaking seeds prior to planting. Pure nicotine is prohibited due to high toxicity to warm-blooded animals (LD50 = 55). |
| Tuba root (Derris spp.) | R | Less toxic than tobacco, but can burn skin. Controls beetles and flying insects. LD50 = 132. Leafy vegetables must be withdrawn for at least 7 days before harvest. Do not use near water sources as it is toxic to fish. |
| Stickers and spreaders | A | Use soft soap. |
| Plant extracts | R | Use with caution as they may harm beneficial insects. Extracts from various plants are commonly steeped in water and used as tea. |
| Neem (Azadirachta indica) | R | Controls insects (usually sold in liquid form), but can be prepared from local neem sources. |
| Viruses | A | Must be of non-genetically modified origin. Can be used to control pest insects, etc. |
| Compost tea | A | Diluted solution (one liter of compost extract mixed with 10–20 liters of clean water). Used to control fungal diseases such as gummosis/stem rot (Phytophthora). |
| Weed control | R | The use of all herbicides is prohibited. Use mulching with plant materials or plastic sheeting. |
| Vinegar | A | Controls diseases, weeds, and harmful insects. Dilute before spraying. |
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